Based on manufacturing processes, steel sheet piles are mainly divided into hot-rolled and cold-formed types. The main cross-sectional shapes are U-shaped and Z-shaped to meet different engineering requirements.

Hot-rolled Sheet Piles

Hot-rolled sheet piles are rolled at high temperatures (above approximately 1000℃). They are characterized by dense structure, high strength, and good durability, making them suitable for large-scale engineering projects with high requirements for bearing capacity and service life.

Hot-rolled U-shaped Steel Sheet Piles

These U-shaped piles have parallel flanges, excellent bending resistance, and strong lateral stability. They are easy to install and can be driven into dense soil layers. They are suitable for deep foundation pit support, port wharves, permanent retaining walls, etc. In some projects, concrete can be poured into the U-shaped piles to further improve their stiffness and strength.

Hot-rolled Z-shaped Steel Sheet Piles

These piles use a "Z"-shaped cross-section with interlocking joints on the outer flanges. They have a higher section modulus per unit width and superior bending resistance. Under the same engineering conditions, Z-shaped piles can reduce the number of piles and lower costs. They are particularly suitable for deep foundation excavation, riverbank protection, large breakwaters, and other applications subject to significant lateral loads.

Cold-formed steel sheet piles

Cold-formed steel sheet piles are formed at room temperature through cold working, offering advantages such as lightweight structure, low cost, and ease of transportation and installation. They are commonly used in small to medium-sized or temporary engineering projects.

Cold-formed U-shaped steel sheet piles

Their cross-section is similar to that of hot-rolled U-shaped steel, but with thinner walls. Suitable for temporary cofferdams, small retaining walls, landscaping projects, or light flood control applications, they offer excellent cost-effectiveness.

Cold-formed Z-shaped steel sheet piles

The Z-shaped cross-section structure combines mechanical advantages with enhanced flexibility and adaptability, capable of accommodating moderate ground deformation. They are commonly used for building fencing, temporary excavations, and emergency flood control projects, and are easy to disassemble and reuse.

ZAM (zinc aluminum magnesium) coating is a ternary alloy coating. Its main components are zinc, 11% aluminum, 3% magnesium, and a small amount of silicon. ZAM coating has excellent resistance to red rust and self-healing corrosion on shear surfaces, and also has weldability far superior to ZAM steel plates.

The addition of alloying elements such as Al and Mg to the ZAM (zinc-aluminum-magnesium) steel plate coating greatly improves the corrosion inhibition effect of the coating, making its corrosion resistance several to ten times that of ordinary galvanized steel plates.

The ZAM coating is denser than ordinary galvanized coatings, so it is less prone to peeling during stamping. It has excellent tensile and stamping processing properties under harsh conditions, and due to its high hardness, it has excellent damage resistance.

The ZAM coating has a self-healing effect. The coating components around the cut surface continuously dissolve, forming a dense protective film mainly composed of zinc hydroxide, alkaline zinc chloride, and magnesium hydroxide. This protective film has low conductivity and inhibits corrosion on the cut surface.

1. Strictly control the quality of raw materials for corrugated steel culverts. Corrugated pipes brought to the site must be stacked neatly and orderly, and no one should step on them. Corrugated steel culverts need to be covered and protected to prevent them from aging prematurely due to wind and rain.

2. The steel corrugated steel culvert should be cut straight, avoiding a beveled cut.

3. Method for corrugated steel culvert joint: The corrugated steel culvert joint should be wrapped with a 0.3-meter-long large corrugated pipe, and both ends should be tightened in half, with no gaps left in the base. To ensure that no empty space is left in the center, markings should be made at both ends of the connector. After finishing, wrap it tightly with tape.

4. When welding reinforcing bars near corrugated steel culverts, measures should be taken to protect the corrugated pipe from being burned. If it is accidentally burned, the burned area should be tightly wrapped with tape.

5. When dismantling the mold, take care to protect the corrugated steel culverts that are exposed at the ends.

For further questions regarding corrugated steel culverts, please refer to this article: FEATURE| Corrugated Steel Culvert: The Solution for Cost Reduction and Efficiency Improvement in Infrastructure Engineering