Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel refers to silicon-iron soft magnetic alloy steel strips (sheets) produced using a cold-rolling process, characterized by an irregularly distributed grain structure. "Non-oriented" means that its internal grains do not have a specific preferred orientation in the rolling direction, resulting in essentially uniform magnetic properties in all directions. This characteristic makes it particularly suitable for rotating magnetic field applications—such as motor rotors and stator cores—where the magnetic field direction is constantly changing, requiring isotropic magnetic properties.
The silicon content of silicon steel is typically between 0.5% and 4.5%. The addition of silicon significantly improves resistivity and reduces iron loss, but it also makes the material more brittle and increases processing difficulty.
Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel is delivered in its final annealed state, usually with an insulating coating, and can be directly used for lamination and stacking to form cores.
The performance of non-oriented silicon steel is mainly determined by two core indicators: iron loss and magnetic flux density.
1. Low Iron Loss. Iron loss is the most important quality indicator, and countries worldwide use iron loss values to classify grades. The lower the iron loss, the higher the grade and the better the quality. Unit: W/kg
50W800 Iron loss ≤ 8.0W/kg, suitable for general motors;
35AH210 Iron loss ≤ 2.1W/kg, used in new energy drive motors
2. Magnetic Induction Intensity (Magnetic Sensitivity)
Magnetic induction is the degree of magnetization a material can achieve under a given magnetic field strength, represented by B50 (magnetic induction intensity under a magnetic field of 5000A/m). The higher the magnetic induction, the greater the torque density of the motor. Under the same magnetic field, silicon steel sheets with higher magnetic induction intensity can be obtained, resulting in smaller volume and weight of motor or transformer cores made from them, thus relatively saving silicon steel sheets, copper wire, and insulation materials.
B50A800 Minimum Magnetic Induction B50: ≥1.70T
B50AH470 Minimum Magnetic Induction B50: ≥1.72T
3. High Stacking Factor. The smooth and flat surface of silicon steel sheets and their uniform thickness improve the stacking factor of the core.
4. Good Stamping Performance. This is especially important for manufacturing cores for small and micro motors.
5. Good adhesion and weldability to the surface and insulating film, preventing corrosion and improving stamping performance. Minimal magnetic aging. Silicon steel sheets must be annealed and pickled before delivery.
Non-oriented silicon steel is a special type of electrical silicon steel, lacking obvious orientation and characterized by low coercivity and low loss. Based on its production process and chemical composition, non-oriented silicon steel can be classified into different categories.
1. Classification by production process:
(1) Traditional hot-rolled non-oriented silicon steel: Manufactured through hot rolling, offering advantages such as simple manufacturing process and low production cost;
(2) Cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel: Produced using cold rolling, characterized by high density and high magnetic permeability, suitable for high-performance electrical equipment.
2. Classification by Silicon Steel Composition:
(1) Low-Silicon Content Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: With a low silicon content, it possesses high toughness and permeability, suitable for high-frequency electrical appliances and small-power motors;
(2) Medium-Silicon Content Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: With a silicon content between low and high, it possesses good permeability and mechanical properties, widely used in small and medium-power motors and transformers;
(3) High-Silicon Content Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: With a high silicon content, it features low hysteresis and low loss, suitable for high-power motors and transformers.
3. Classification by Application Area:
(1) Non-Oriented Silicon Steel for Motors: Used to manufacture various specifications of AC and DC motors, featuring low loss and high efficiency;
(2) Non-Oriented Silicon Steel for Transformers: Used to manufacture various specifications of transformers, featuring low loss, low noise, and high efficiency;
(3) Non-Oriented Silicon Steel for Power Generation Equipment: Used to manufacture various components of power generation equipment, possessing good permeability and mechanical properties.
The advantages of cold rolled non-oriented electrical steel lie in its high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis loss, easy magnetization, and high magnetic field strength after magnetization. These characteristics make it have important application value in power equipment.
1. In the transformer, the transformer core is made of cold rolled non-oriented electrical steel, which can improve the efficiency and stability of the transformer. Due to the high magnetization of cold rolled non-oriented electrical steel, it can effectively improve the electronic components, performance and stability.
2. In the automotive field, cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel is mainly used to manufacture auto parts such as generators, motors, and transmissions. Due to its excellent mechanical properties, it can effectively improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of auto parts.
In general, non-oriented silicon steel is a special material widely used in the manufacturing of electrical equipment. It comes in various classifications and specifications, allowing for the selection of appropriate materials based on specific needs. With continuous technological development and improvement, non-oriented silicon steel will play an increasingly important role in the electrical equipment manufacturing field.
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