C-shaped steel, also known as C-channel or C-section, is a type of hot-rolled steel section with a shape resembling the letter "C." It is a versatile and widely used structural component in construction and engineering projects, offering various benefits due to its unique cross-sectional design.
There are many kinds of C-shaped steel, divided from the cross-sectional shape, there are open, semi-closed and closed. The main products are cold-formed channel steel, angle steel, Z-shaped steel, cold-formed corrugated steel plate, square tube, rectangular tube, electric welding special-shaped steel tube, rolling shutter door, etc. . C-shaped steel is usually produced with a thickness of less than 6mm and a width of less than 500mm. Commonly used specifications in China include equal-edge angle steel (leg length 25-75 mm), inner-curling angle steel (leg length 40-75 mm), channel steel (height 25-250 mm), inner-curling channel steel (height 60-250 mm) ), curled Z-shaped steel (height 100~180 mm) and more than 400 specifications and varieties. Products are widely used in mining, construction, agricultural machinery, transportation, bridges, petrochemicals, light industry, electronics and other industries.
C-shaped steel is the main material for making lightweight steel structures. It is made of cold-formed steel plates or steel strips. Not only can its wall thickness be made very thin, but it also greatly simplifies the production process and improves production efficiency. It can produce various profiles and C-shaped steel of different materials with uniform wall thickness but complex cross-sectional shapes that are difficult to produce by ordinary hot rolling methods. In addition to being used in various building structures, C-shaped steel is also widely used in vehicle manufacturing, agricultural machinery manufacturing, etc. There are many types of C-shaped steel, with split opening, semi-closed opening and closed opening according to the cross-section. According to the shape, there are cold-formed channel steel, angle steel, Z-shaped steel, square tube, rectangular tube, special-shaped tube, rolling shutter door, etc.
According to the regulations of GB6725-92, C-shaped steel is made of ordinary carbon structural steel, high-quality carbon structural steel, low-alloy structural steel steel plate or steel strip cold-formed. C-shaped steel is an economical section steel, and it is also a high-efficiency and energy-saving material. It is a new type of steel with strong vitality. It is widely used in various fields of the Ming economy. Its uses can be roughly divided into highway guardrails, steel structures, automobiles, and containers. , steel formwork and scaffolding, railway vehicles, ships and bridges, steel sheet piles, transmission towers, others, etc. 10 categories.
At present, the main varieties of C-shaped steel in China are: cold-formed square and rectangular pipes for structures, cold-formed steel for passenger cars, steel for rolling shutter doors and steel windows, welded pipes for low-pressure fluid transmission, C-shaped steel for general openings, C-shaped steel for construction steel structures, and Cold-formed profiles of various cross-sections have been widely used in construction, machinery, nuclear power, automobiles, railways, agricultural machinery, chemicals, petroleum, refrigeration, food, textiles, medical care, supermarkets, containers and other industrial and civilian industries, especially emerging The industry's demand for C-shaped steel shows a trend of "wide volume and large coverage".
One of the characteristics of C-shaped steel is its lightweight. Compared with traditional building materials such as concrete and masonry, C-shaped steel is lighter and lighter in weight. This makes transportation and installation easier when constructing large buildings. In addition, C-shaped steel is made of cold-bending process, and there is no emission of pollutants during the manufacturing process, which is friendly to the environment.
In addition, C-shaped steel has high strength and stable structural characteristics. Due to its special "C" cross-sectional shape, C-shaped steel is able to provide high strength and rigidity. It can effectively bear the weight of the building, and through proper design and installation, it can make the building more stable and safe. C-shaped steel also has good load-carrying capacity and can adapt to different types of loads, such as wind loads, snow loads, etc. Therefore, it is a cost-effective construction material choice.
In addition to the above features, C-shaped steel is also versatile and durable. The flexibility of C-shaped steel allows it to be used in the design and construction of various building structures. Whether it is a simple roof structure or a more complex bridge structure, C-shaped steel can meet the needs of designers. In addition, the corrosion resistance of C-shaped steel is also one of its important characteristics. Compared with traditional building materials, such as wood and concrete, C-shaped steel is not easy to be corroded and damaged, and can maintain its structure and function under different environmental conditions.
In short, as an important building material, C-shaped steel plays an important role in construction engineering. It has the characteristics of lightweight, high strength, stability, versatility and durability, providing more choices and flexibility for the design and construction of buildings. In the future, with the continuous development and innovation of construction technology, C-shaped steel will continue to play an important role in the field of construction and create a better living and working environment for people.
In In China, the standards for C-shaped steel, as well as other structural steel sections, are established by the Chinese National Standards (GB) or the Chinese National Building Codes (GB/T). The most commonly used standard for C-shaped steel is GB/T 6725-2017.
GB/T 6725-2017， this standard applies to cold-formed cold-rolled, hot-rolled or coated (coated) steel plates and strips produced on continuous roller cold bending units.
In the United States, the standards for C-shaped steel, along with other structural steel sections, are governed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The most commonly used standard for C-shaped steel is ASTM A36/A36M.
ASTM A36/A36M is a specification that covers carbon structural steel shapes, including channels (C-shaped steel). This standard outlines the requirements for hot-rolled and cold-rolled carbon steel bars, plates, and other structural shapes used in general construction and engineering applications.
For C-shaped steel (channels), ASTM A36/A36M specifies the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and dimensional tolerances. The standard requires C-shaped steel to have a minimum yield strength of 36,000 psi (or 250 MPa) and a minimum tensile strength of 58,000-80,000 psi (or 400-550 MPa).
C-sections (channels) are classified as American Standard Channels (C-shapes) and Miscellaneous Channels (MC-shapes). The designation of C-shaped steel typically includes the dimensions of the legs (depth and width in inches) and the weight per foot (in pounds). For example, an American Standard Channel with the designation "C8x11.5" would have a depth of 8 inches, a flange width of 2.260 inches, and weigh 11.5 pounds per foot.
ASTM A36 is a widely used material specification for C-shaped steel and various other structural steel shapes due to its excellent weldability, machinability, and cost-effectiveness. It is one of the most commonly used standards for C-shaped steel in construction and general structural applications in the United States.
In the United Kingdom, the standards for C-shaped steel, along with other structural steel sections, are established by the British Standards Institution (BSI). The most commonly used standard for C-shaped steel is BS EN 10025-2:2004.
BS EN 10025-2:2004 is a European standard that specifies the technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels, including hot-rolled C-shaped steel sections. This standard covers a wide range of steel grades and thicknesses suitable for various construction and engineering applications.
For C-shaped steel (channels), BS EN 10025-2:2004 specifies the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and dimensional tolerances. It covers both hot-rolled and normalized/normalized rolled structural steels.
C-sections (channels) are classified as "Parallel Flange Channels" or "PFCs." The designation of C-shaped steel under this standard typically includes the dimensions of the legs (depth and width in millimeters) and the mass per meter (in kilograms). For example, a Parallel Flange Channel with the designation "PFC 180 x 70 x 8.0" would have a depth of 180 mm, a flange width of 70 mm, and weigh 8.0 kg per meter.
In Japan, the standards for C-shaped steel, as well as other structural steel sections, are established by the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). The most commonly used standard for C-shaped steel is JIS G 3192.
JIS G 3192 specifies the dimensions, sectional properties, and technical requirements for hot-rolled steel sections, including C-shaped steel (channels). This standard covers a wide range of channel sizes and thicknesses suitable for various construction and engineering applications.
For C-shaped steel (channels), JIS G 3192 provides dimensional tolerances, allowing for variations in channel size within specified limits. The standard also defines the mechanical properties of the channel steel, including yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation, ensuring the quality and performance of the material.
C-sections (channels) are classified as "Channel Shapes" or "C-Channels" in Japan. The designation of C-shaped steel under this standard typically includes the dimensions of the legs (depth and width in millimeters) and the mass per meter (in kilograms). For example, a Channel Shape with the designation "C100x50x5x7" would have a depth of 100 mm, a flange width of 50 mm, a flange thickness of 5 mm, and a web thickness of 7 mm.
C-shaped steel is a common steel, widely used in construction, machinery manufacturing, bridges and other fields. In the process of production and use, the thickness of C-shaped steel is a very important parameter. The country has also made clear regulations on the allowable deviation of the thickness of C-shaped steel.
According to different heights, C-shaped steel is divided into five specifications: 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160.
Taking C80*40*20*2.5 as an example, each row of numbers indicates: section height H=80mm; section width B=40mm; crimping width C=20mm; thickness t=2.5mm.
According to the national standard, the thickness tolerance of C-shaped steel can be divided into positive deviation and negative deviation. Positive deviation means that the actual thickness of C-shaped steel is greater than the standard thickness, and negative deviation means that the actual thickness is smaller than the standard thickness.
The specific allowable deviation range is as follows.
1. When the thickness of C-shaped steel is less than or equal to 6mm, the allowable positive deviation is 0.3mm, and the negative deviation is
0.2mm.
2. When the C-shaped steel is greater than 6mm, the allowable positive deviation is 0.5mm, and the negative deviation is
0.3mm.
