Flange, or flange, also translated as wheel flange, means machinery that connects pipes, containers, or fixed shafts. The symmetrical disc-like structure used in the components has bolted and threaded structures for fixation.
A flange is a protruded ridge, lip, or rim, either external or internal, that serves to increase strength (as the flange of an iron beam such as an I-beam or a T-beam) for easy attachment/transfer of contact force with another object (as the flange on the end of a pipe, steam cylinder, etc., or on the lens mount of a camera); or for stabilizing and guiding the movements of a machine or its parts (as the inside flange of a rail car or tram wheel, which keep the wheels from running off the rails). Flanges are often attached using bolts in the pattern of a bolt circle.
A flange can also be a plate or ring to form a rim at the end of a pipe when fastened to the pipe (for example, a closet flange). A blind flange is a plate for covering or closing the end of a pipe. A flange joint is a connection of pipes, where the connecting pieces have flanges by which the parts are bolted together.

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