Hot cracks refer to the hot cracks generated when the weld and heat-affected zone metal cools to the high temperature range near the solidus during welding.

Cold cracks refer to the cold cracks generated when the weld joint cools to a lower temperature (i.e., below the temperature at which austenite begins to transform into martensite).

Reheat cracks refer to the cracks generated when the stainless steel plate is heated again within a certain temperature range after welding (stress relief heat treatment or other heating process) and then produced.

Stainless steel is a type of delayed crack steel. This type of steel has a lower thermal conductivity than ordinary carbon steel, a higher expansion coefficient, and slow heat conduction. It is easy to expand when heated and the expansion amplitude is large. Based on this property, many problems may occur in the welding process of stainless steel plates, such as undercut, pores, lack of fusion, cracks, etc.

Factors that cause cracking in stainless steel after welding include improper welding process, influence of material properties, improper preparation and handling, and stress changes during operation.

Stainless steel itself contains elements such as chromium and nickel, has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and is not easy to rust and deform during use. However, if the material quality is poor or impurities are mixed in, it will cause cracking during welding.

From the perspective of welding process, inappropriate welding parameters, uneven heating speed, and lack of proper cooling conditions may all lead to cracking. Stress caused by thermal expansion and contraction during stainless steel welding is also one of the main causes of cracking. The heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the material will also affect the stress of welding. If the temperature and stress distribution are not properly controlled during welding, welding cracking will occur.

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